Perception of health safety during transit on public passenger transport

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted urban mobility, especially the use of public transportation. This research analyzes the safety perception of public transportation users in the Metropolitan Area of ​​the Valley of Mexico (ZMVM) and the Metropolitan Area of ​​the Toluca Valley (ZMVT) during the health emergency. Through an online survey, 381 valid responses were collected, covering demographics, travel habits, transportation modes, and risk perceptions of contagion. The results reveal that while a majority accepts health measures (such as the use of face masks and sanitization of buses), a third of users remain indifferent. Furthermore, a decreased sense of safety while inside buses was identified, especially on long journeys. This phenomenon is directly related to the mode of transportation used, with trips on intercity buses and private cars generating the greatest perception of safety. Future mode preferences show a worrying trend: public transportation is perceived as the last option, surpassed by private cars and active mobility. These findings underscore the need to strengthen health measures, promote their compliance, and consider additional strategies such as encouraging silence during travel, in order to restore confidence in the public transportation system. This research provides key elements for the formulation of public policies aimed at safe mobility in the context of a health crisis.